{"id":96,"date":"2025-12-17T16:34:16","date_gmt":"2025-12-17T13:34:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/pourquoi-la-discrimination-algorithmique-fondee-sur-le-sexe-est-le-probleme-le-plus-invisible-de-lere-numerique\/"},"modified":"2025-12-23T14:04:34","modified_gmt":"2025-12-23T11:04:34","slug":"pourquoi-la-discrimination-algorithmique-fondee-sur-le-sexe-est-le-probleme-le-plus-invisible-de-lere-numerique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/pourquoi-la-discrimination-algorithmique-fondee-sur-le-sexe-est-le-probleme-le-plus-invisible-de-lere-numerique\/","title":{"rendered":"Pourquoi la discrimination algorithmique fond\u00e9e sur le sexe est le probl\u00e8me le plus invisible de l&#8217;\u00e8re num\u00e9rique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Algoritmik Cinsiyet Ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 Neden Dijital \u00c7a\u011f\u0131n En G\u00f6r\u00fcnmez Sorunu?\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/GUKOFQQ2JNU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em>Le contenu partag\u00e9 ici est une version r\u00e9sum\u00e9e de l&#8217;article pour l&#8217;article complet : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/338913711_Big_data_and_gender-biased_algorithms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">visitez l&#8217;adresse de l&#8217;article<\/a> <\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Alors que les syst\u00e8mes num\u00e9riques impr\u00e8gnent tous les aspects de notre vie, un probl\u00e8me invisible se d\u00e9veloppe discr\u00e8tement : la discrimination algorithmique fond\u00e9e sur le genre. Le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 de cet article analyse comment l&#8217;in\u00e9galit\u00e9 entre les sexes se reproduit \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e8re de l&#8217;intelligence artificielle et du big data, et pourquoi elle est si dangereuse. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Algorithmes : Outils neutres ou miroirs sociaux ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd&#8217;hui, les algorithmes sont pr\u00e9sents dans presque tous les aspects de notre vie. Les moteurs de recherche, les flux de m\u00e9dias sociaux, les outils de traduction automatique et les syst\u00e8mes de recrutement assist\u00e9s par l&#8217;IA d\u00e9terminent les informations que nous rencontrons et les d\u00e9cisions qui sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme &#8220;raisonnables&#8221;. Nous percevons souvent ces syst\u00e8mes comme neutres, math\u00e9matiques et objectifs.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cependant, c&#8217;est \u00e0 ce moment pr\u00e9cis que la discrimination algorithmique fond\u00e9e sur le genre appara\u00eet. En effet, les algorithmes ne sont pas des \u00eatres qui pensent par eux-m\u00eames ; ce sont des syst\u00e8mes aliment\u00e9s par des donn\u00e9es produites par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Si ces donn\u00e9es proviennent d&#8217;un monde in\u00e9gal, les algorithmes refl\u00e8tent cette in\u00e9galit\u00e9.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Les algorithmes ne mesurent pas la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 ; ils reproduisent ce qui \u00e9tait visible dans le pass\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Big Data et pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s sexistes : La multiplicit\u00e9 est-elle synonyme d&#8217;\u00e9quit\u00e9 ?<\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id96_f263b2-62 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id96_f263b2-62 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id96_f263b2-62 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kb-row-layout-id96_f263b2-62 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id96_f263b2-62 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id96_f263b2-62 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_f263b2-62 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_f263b2-62 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id96_f263b2-62 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id96_f263b2-62 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id96_f263b2-62 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-3-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column96_85d6a8-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_85d6a8-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_85d6a8-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_85d6a8-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_85d6a8-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_85d6a8-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_85d6a8-f9{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_85d6a8-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_85d6a8-f9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_85d6a8-f9\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box96_8b5104-7a .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box96_8b5104-7a .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box96_8b5104-7a .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box96_8b5104-7a .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box96_8b5104-7a .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box96_8b5104-7a .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box96_8b5104-7a .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box96_8b5104-7a .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box96_8b5104-7a\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h4 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">L&#8217;erreur de la quantit\u00e9 de donn\u00e9es<\/h4><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">L&#8217;utilisation de millions de points de donn\u00e9es donne l&#8217;impression de produire des r\u00e9sultats plus pr\u00e9cis et plus justes. Cependant, le probl\u00e8me ne r\u00e9side pas dans la quantit\u00e9 de donn\u00e9es, mais dans la mani\u00e8re dont elles sont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9es. <\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_e98ea5-5a > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_e98ea5-5a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_e98ea5-5a > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_e98ea5-5a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_e98ea5-5a > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_e98ea5-5a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_e98ea5-5a{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_e98ea5-5a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_e98ea5-5a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_e98ea5-5a\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box96_b351a1-c1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box96_b351a1-c1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box96_b351a1-c1 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box96_b351a1-c1 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box96_b351a1-c1 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box96_b351a1-c1 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box96_b351a1-c1 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box96_b351a1-c1 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box96_b351a1-c1\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Automatiser les pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s<\/h3><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">Le big data et les pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s sexistes sont intimement li\u00e9s. \u00c0 mesure que les chiffres augmentent, les pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s s&#8217;automatisent. L&#8217;algorithme reproduit une repr\u00e9sentation in\u00e9gale dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9.  <\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_ba6214-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_ba6214-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_ba6214-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_ba6214-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_ba6214-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_ba6214-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_ba6214-cd{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_ba6214-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_ba6214-cd > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_ba6214-cd\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box96_7bde84-44 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box96_7bde84-44 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box96_7bde84-44 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box96_7bde84-44 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box96_7bde84-44 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box96_7bde84-44 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box96_7bde84-44 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box96_7bde84-44 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box96_7bde84-44\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Mod\u00e8les d&#8217;histoire<\/h3><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aenean diam dolor, accumsan sed rutrum vel, dapibus et leo. <\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le recrutement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l&#8217;intelligence artificielle : Automatiser la discrimination<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#8217;un des exemples les plus frappants de discrimination algorithmique fond\u00e9e sur le sexe est celui des syst\u00e8mes de recrutement assist\u00e9s par l&#8217;intelligence artificielle. Ces syst\u00e8mes filtrent les nouveaux candidats en analysant les profils des employ\u00e9s qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme &#8220;performants&#8221; dans le pass\u00e9. \u00c0 premi\u00e8re vue, cette approche peut sembler efficace et objective.  <\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id96_367111-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id96_367111-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id96_367111-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kb-row-layout-id96_367111-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id96_367111-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id96_367111-0d > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_367111-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_367111-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id96_367111-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id96_367111-0d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id96_367111-0d alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-3-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column96_b4054a-68 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_b4054a-68 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_b4054a-68 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_b4054a-68 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_b4054a-68 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_b4054a-68 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_b4054a-68{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_b4054a-68 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_b4054a-68 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_b4054a-68\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box96_dfefd6-66 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box96_dfefd6-66 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box96_dfefd6-66 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box96_dfefd6-66 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box96_dfefd6-66 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box96_dfefd6-66 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box96_dfefd6-66 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box96_dfefd6-66 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box96_dfefd6-66\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Donn\u00e9es historiques<\/h3><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">La d\u00e9finition du succ\u00e8s est largement bas\u00e9e sur les employ\u00e9s masculins<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_66d743-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_66d743-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_66d743-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_66d743-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_66d743-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_66d743-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_66d743-a9{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_66d743-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_66d743-a9 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_66d743-a9\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box96_4144ff-c0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box96_4144ff-c0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box96_4144ff-c0 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box96_4144ff-c0 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box96_4144ff-c0 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box96_4144ff-c0 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box96_4144ff-c0 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box96_4144ff-c0 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box96_4144ff-c0\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Norme d&#8217;algorithme<\/h3><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">Le syst\u00e8me normalise ce profil<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_f5c34d-12 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_f5c34d-12 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_f5c34d-12 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_f5c34d-12 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_f5c34d-12 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_f5c34d-12 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_f5c34d-12{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_f5c34d-12 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_f5c34d-12 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_f5c34d-12\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box96_16b6a5-b5 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box96_16b6a5-b5 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box96_16b6a5-b5 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box96_16b6a5-b5 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box96_16b6a5-b5 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box96_16b6a5-b5 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box96_16b6a5-b5 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box96_16b6a5-b5 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box96_16b6a5-b5\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Contr\u00f4le syst\u00e9matique<\/h3><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">Les candidates sont automatiquement \u00e9limin\u00e9es<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Cet exemple montre clairement pourquoi la discrimination algorithmique fond\u00e9e sur le sexe est dangereuse. En effet, la discrimination ne r\u00e9sulte plus de pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s individuels, mais de m\u00e9canismes de prise de d\u00e9cision automatis\u00e9s. De plus, ce processus passe souvent inaper\u00e7u.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Seuil invisible dans les syst\u00e8mes de reconnaissance des visages<\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id96_c666a2-58 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id96_c666a2-58 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id96_c666a2-58 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-id96_c666a2-58 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_c666a2-58 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 2fr) minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id96_c666a2-58 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id96_c666a2-58 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-left-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column96_18fa43-18 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_18fa43-18 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_18fa43-18 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_18fa43-18 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_18fa43-18 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_18fa43-18 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_18fa43-18{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_18fa43-18 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_18fa43-18 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_18fa43-18\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p>Algorithms reproduce gender bias not only in recruitment or search engines, but also in biometric systems. Des \u00e9tudes sur les logiciels de reconnaissance faciale montrent que les taux d&#8217;erreur varient consid\u00e9rablement en fonction du sexe et de la couleur de la peau. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En particulier, les femmes \u00e0 la peau fonc\u00e9e sont le groupe expos\u00e9 au taux d&#8217;erreur le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 dans ces syst\u00e8mes. Cela r\u00e9v\u00e8le que l&#8217;hypoth\u00e8se de l'&#8221;utilisateur moyen&#8221; des algorithmes est en fait bas\u00e9e sur le corps de l&#8217;homme blanc. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_0479c8-7a > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_0479c8-7a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_0479c8-7a > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_0479c8-7a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_0479c8-7a > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_0479c8-7a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_0479c8-7a{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_0479c8-7a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_0479c8-7a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_0479c8-7a\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-image96_7ba24f-da .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image96_7ba24f-da size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4r8mPGvqYt4hPKj-Fmj7x-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-39\" srcset=\"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4r8mPGvqYt4hPKj-Fmj7x-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4r8mPGvqYt4hPKj-Fmj7x-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4r8mPGvqYt4hPKj-Fmj7x-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4r8mPGvqYt4hPKj-Fmj7x-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/4r8mPGvqYt4hPKj-Fmj7x.jpg 1328w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id96_ec54a0-3d > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id96_ec54a0-3d > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id96_ec54a0-3d > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kb-row-layout-id96_ec54a0-3d > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id96_ec54a0-3d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id96_ec54a0-3d > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_ec54a0-3d > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_ec54a0-3d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id96_ec54a0-3d > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id96_ec54a0-3d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id96_ec54a0-3d alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-3-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column96_bbf6d6-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_bbf6d6-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_bbf6d6-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_bbf6d6-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_bbf6d6-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_bbf6d6-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_bbf6d6-24{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_bbf6d6-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_bbf6d6-24 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_bbf6d6-24\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-progress-bar-container96_470497-36 .kb-progress-label-wrap{justify-content:space-between;}<\/style><div class=\"kb-progress-bar-container kb-progress-bar-container96_470497-36 kb-progress-bar-init kb-progress-bar-type-line \"><div class=\"kb-progress-label-wrap\"><span id=\"kt-progress-label96_470497-36\" role=\"textbox\" class=\"kt-progress-label\" contenteditable=\"false\" aria-label=\"Libell\u00e9 de la barre de progression\">Femmes \u00e0 la peau fonc\u00e9e<\/span><span id=\"current-progress-above96_470497-36\" class=\"kb-current-progress-above kt-progress-percent\">34%<\/span><\/div><div class=\"kb-progress-bar kb-progress-bar-96_470497-36\" aria-label=\"Koyu Tenli Kad\u0131nlar \" role=\"note\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Taux d&#8217;erreur le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_ddc328-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_ddc328-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_ddc328-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_ddc328-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_ddc328-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_ddc328-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_ddc328-26{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_ddc328-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_ddc328-26 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_ddc328-26\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-progress-bar-container96_bebefe-54 .kb-progress-label-wrap{justify-content:space-between;}<\/style><div class=\"kb-progress-bar-container kb-progress-bar-container96_bebefe-54 kb-progress-bar-init kb-progress-bar-type-line \"><div class=\"kb-progress-label-wrap\"><span id=\"kt-progress-label96_bebefe-54\" role=\"textbox\" class=\"kt-progress-label\" contenteditable=\"false\" aria-label=\"Libell\u00e9 de la barre de progression\">Hommes \u00e0 la peau claire<\/span><span id=\"current-progress-above96_bebefe-54\" class=\"kb-current-progress-above kt-progress-percent\">12%<\/span><\/div><div class=\"kb-progress-bar kb-progress-bar-96_bebefe-54\" aria-label=\"Koyu Tenli Kad\u0131nlar \" role=\"note\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Taux d&#8217;erreur le plus bas<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_163020-a6 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_163020-a6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_163020-a6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_163020-a6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_163020-a6 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_163020-a6 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_163020-a6{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_163020-a6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_163020-a6 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_163020-a6\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-progress-bar-container96_e22888-d9 .kb-progress-label-wrap{justify-content:space-between;}<\/style><div class=\"kb-progress-bar-container kb-progress-bar-container96_e22888-d9 kb-progress-bar-init kb-progress-bar-type-line \"><div class=\"kb-progress-label-wrap\"><span id=\"kt-progress-label96_e22888-d9\" role=\"textbox\" class=\"kt-progress-label\" contenteditable=\"false\" aria-label=\"Libell\u00e9 de la barre de progression\">Hommes \u00e0 la peau fonc\u00e9e<\/span><span id=\"current-progress-above96_e22888-d9\" class=\"kb-current-progress-above kt-progress-percent\">21%<\/span><\/div><div class=\"kb-progress-bar kb-progress-bar-96_e22888-d9\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Taux d&#8217;erreur moyen \u00e0 \u00e9lev\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L&#8217;angle mort des ensembles de donn\u00e9es : Le &#8220;probl\u00e8me de la mari\u00e9e&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#8217;un des exemples les plus instructifs de big data et de biais de genre est la repr\u00e9sentation des &#8220;mari\u00e9es&#8221; dans les ensembles de donn\u00e9es d&#8217;images. La plupart des images class\u00e9es avec la balise &#8220;Bride&#8221; repr\u00e9sentent des femmes occidentales en robe blanche. Cependant, la culture nuptiale est extr\u00eamement vari\u00e9e dans les diff\u00e9rentes parties du monde.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Type de perspective<\/th><th>Format d&#8217;\u00e9tiquetage algorithmique<\/th><th>Description<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Repr\u00e9sentation occidentale<\/strong><\/td><td>Les femmes en robe blanche sont \u00e9tiquet\u00e9es &#8220;mari\u00e9es&#8221;.<\/td><td>Les ensembles de donn\u00e9es d&#8217;images acceptent la conception occidentale de la robe de mari\u00e9e comme norme par d\u00e9faut.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Diversit\u00e9 culturelle<\/strong><\/td><td>Dans le nord de l&#8217;Inde, le port de v\u00eatements traditionnels par les femmes est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un &#8220;art de la performance&#8221;<\/td><td>Les pratiques non occidentales en mati\u00e8re de v\u00eatements de mariage sont \u00e9tiquet\u00e9es et invisibilis\u00e9es \u00e0 l&#8217;aide de cat\u00e9gories hors contexte.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Vue \u00e9troite<\/strong><\/td><td>La perspective limit\u00e9e de l&#8217;ensemble des donn\u00e9es est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e comme la norme globale<\/td><td>L&#8217;algorithme ne commet pas d&#8217;erreur ; il reproduit un ensemble de donn\u00e9es limit\u00e9 et culturellement \u00e9troit en tant que r\u00e9alit\u00e9 universelle.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Cet exemple montre que la discrimination algorithmique fond\u00e9e sur le sexe n&#8217;est pas seulement li\u00e9e au sexe, mais aussi \u00e0 la culture et \u00e0 la g\u00e9ographie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L&#8217;aspect algorithmique du langage : &#8220;L&#8217;hypoth\u00e8se du &#8220;il a dit<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Langue non sexu\u00e9e : des langues telles que le turc, le finnois, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Traduction automatique : Algorithme activ\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u00e9lection par d\u00e9faut : &#8220;Il a dit&#8221; est utilis\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In\u00e9galit\u00e9 linguistique : L&#8217;algorithme devient la norme<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>La discrimination algorithmique fond\u00e9e sur le genre se manifeste non seulement dans les visuels ou le recrutement, mais aussi dans les technologies du langage. Un exemple typique est l&#8217;utilisation par d\u00e9faut de &#8220;he said&#8221; dans les syst\u00e8mes de traduction automatique lors de la traduction de langues non sexu\u00e9es vers l&#8217;anglais. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence n&#8217;est pas due \u00e0 un imp\u00e9ratif grammatical, mais au poids statistique des mod\u00e8les les plus utilis\u00e9s sur Internet. L&#8217;in\u00e9galit\u00e9 linguistique devient ainsi une norme algorithmique et se reproduit sans que l&#8217;on s&#8217;en aper\u00e7oive. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conception de plateformes et culture num\u00e9rique<\/h2>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id96_5378c0-2a > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id96_5378c0-2a > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id96_5378c0-2a > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}.kb-row-layout-id96_5378c0-2a > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_5378c0-2a > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 2fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id96_5378c0-2a > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id96_5378c0-2a alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-2-columns kt-row-layout-right-golden kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column96_8d4f86-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_8d4f86-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_8d4f86-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_8d4f86-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_8d4f86-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_8d4f86-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_8d4f86-d5{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_8d4f86-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_8d4f86-d5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_8d4f86-d5\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-image96_5ab222-29 .kb-image-has-overlay:after{opacity:0.3;}<\/style>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-kadence-image kb-image96_5ab222-29 size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/w3Z5aX0qenGAX_y7dp3eI-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"kb-img wp-image-40\" srcset=\"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/w3Z5aX0qenGAX_y7dp3eI-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/w3Z5aX0qenGAX_y7dp3eI-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/w3Z5aX0qenGAX_y7dp3eI-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/w3Z5aX0qenGAX_y7dp3eI-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/w3Z5aX0qenGAX_y7dp3eI.jpg 1328w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_6d0d8e-9e > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_6d0d8e-9e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_6d0d8e-9e > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_6d0d8e-9e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_6d0d8e-9e > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_6d0d8e-9e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_6d0d8e-9e{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_6d0d8e-9e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_6d0d8e-9e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_6d0d8e-9e\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p>Les algorithmes ne se contentent pas de s\u00e9lectionner des contenus, ils fa\u00e7onnent \u00e9galement la culture num\u00e9rique. Les d\u00e9cisions de conception prises sur les m\u00e9dias sociaux et les plateformes de forum d\u00e9terminent les contenus qui se d\u00e9marquent et les comportements qui sont encourag\u00e9s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Certaines plateformes ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 des environnements propices \u00e0 la diffusion de discours misogynes en raison de la hi\u00e9rarchisation algorithmique et de l&#8217;absence de mod\u00e9ration. Cela montre que la discrimination algorithmique fond\u00e9e sur le genre n&#8217;est pas seulement une question technique, mais aussi une question culturelle. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id96_04961e-5d > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id96_04961e-5d > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id96_04961e-5d > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kb-row-layout-id96_04961e-5d > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id96_04961e-5d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id96_04961e-5d > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_04961e-5d > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_04961e-5d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id96_04961e-5d > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id96_04961e-5d > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id96_04961e-5d alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-3-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column96_feedf9-2e > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_feedf9-2e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_feedf9-2e > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_feedf9-2e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_feedf9-2e > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_feedf9-2e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_feedf9-2e{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_feedf9-2e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_feedf9-2e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_feedf9-2e\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box96_b90664-40 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box96_b90664-40 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box96_b90664-40 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box96_b90664-40 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box96_b90664-40 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box96_b90664-40 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box96_b90664-40 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box96_b90664-40 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box96_b90664-40\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Hi\u00e9rarchisation des priorit\u00e9s<\/h3><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">Quel contenu sera visible ?<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_8dcbbc-c5 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_8dcbbc-c5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_8dcbbc-c5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_8dcbbc-c5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_8dcbbc-c5 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_8dcbbc-c5 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_8dcbbc-c5{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_8dcbbc-c5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_8dcbbc-c5 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_8dcbbc-c5\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box96_c86cd4-f8 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box96_c86cd4-f8 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box96_c86cd4-f8 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box96_c86cd4-f8 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box96_c86cd4-f8 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box96_c86cd4-f8 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box96_c86cd4-f8 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box96_c86cd4-f8 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box96_c86cd4-f8\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">La mod\u00e9ration<\/h3><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">Quels comportements seront \u00e9vit\u00e9s ?<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_d4d623-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_d4d623-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_d4d623-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_d4d623-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_d4d623-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_d4d623-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_d4d623-4a{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_d4d623-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_d4d623-4a > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_d4d623-4a\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box96_ebc4a8-91 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box96_ebc4a8-91 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box96_ebc4a8-91 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box96_ebc4a8-91 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box96_ebc4a8-91 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box96_ebc4a8-91 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box96_ebc4a8-91 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:15px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:15px;}.kt-info-box96_ebc4a8-91 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box96_ebc4a8-91\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\"><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Culture num\u00e9rique<\/h3><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">Les plateformes fa\u00e7onnent les normes sociales<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pourquoi les algorithmes sont-ils si puissants ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd&#8217;hui, les algorithmes commencent \u00e0 remplacer les avis d&#8217;experts et les d\u00e9cisions organisationnelles. Dans une large mesure, les algorithmes d\u00e9terminent quelles informations sont fiables, quel candidat est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme appropri\u00e9 ou quel contenu est visible. <\/p>\n\n\n<style>.kb-row-layout-id96_5d029f-55 > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-id96_5d029f-55 > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-id96_5d029f-55 > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kb-row-layout-id96_5d029f-55 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id96_5d029f-55 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));}.kb-row-layout-id96_5d029f-55 > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_5d029f-55 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-id96_5d029f-55 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-id96_5d029f-55 > .kt-row-column-wrap > div:not(.added-for-specificity){grid-column:initial;}.kb-row-layout-id96_5d029f-55 > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-id96_5d029f-55 alignnone wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-4-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-inherit kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-column96_42167b-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_42167b-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_42167b-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_42167b-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_42167b-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_42167b-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_42167b-72{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_42167b-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_42167b-72 > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_42167b-72\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-progress-bar-container96_9f5c9d-41 .kb-progress-label-wrap{justify-content:space-between;}.kb-progress-bar-container96_9f5c9d-41 .kb-progress-bar-96_9f5c9d-41{-webkit-mask-image:url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg);mask-image:url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg);-webkit-mask-size:contain;mask-size:contain;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat;mask-repeat:no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:0%,25%,50%,75%,100%;mask-position:0%,25%,50%,75%,100%;aspect-ratio:5\/1;height:23px;width:115px;max-width:100%;}<\/style><div class=\"kb-progress-bar-container kb-progress-bar-container96_9f5c9d-41 kb-progress-bar-init kb-progress-bar-type-line-mask \"><div class=\"kb-progress-bar kb-progress-bar-96_9f5c9d-41\" aria-label=\"4 out of 5 Stars\" role=\"note\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><br>Autorit\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_c59ea5-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_c59ea5-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_c59ea5-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_c59ea5-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_c59ea5-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_c59ea5-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_c59ea5-1f{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_c59ea5-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_c59ea5-1f > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_c59ea5-1f\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-progress-bar-container96_112765-3a .kb-progress-label-wrap{justify-content:space-between;}.kb-progress-bar-container96_112765-3a .kb-progress-bar-96_112765-3a{-webkit-mask-image:url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg);mask-image:url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg);-webkit-mask-size:contain;mask-size:contain;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat;mask-repeat:no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:0%,33.333333333333%,66.666666666667%,100%;mask-position:0%,33.333333333333%,66.666666666667%,100%;aspect-ratio:4\/1;height:23px;width:92px;max-width:100%;}<\/style><div class=\"kb-progress-bar-container kb-progress-bar-container96_112765-3a kb-progress-bar-init kb-progress-bar-type-line-mask \"><div class=\"kb-progress-bar kb-progress-bar-96_112765-3a\" aria-label=\"4 out of 5 Stars\" role=\"note\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><br>Invisibilit\u00e9<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_50f16b-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_50f16b-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_50f16b-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_50f16b-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_50f16b-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_50f16b-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_50f16b-5e{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_50f16b-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_50f16b-5e > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_50f16b-5e\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-progress-bar-container96_bd6374-3e .kb-progress-label-wrap{justify-content:space-between;}.kb-progress-bar-container96_bd6374-3e .kb-progress-bar-96_bd6374-3e{-webkit-mask-image:url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg);mask-image:url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg);-webkit-mask-size:contain;mask-size:contain;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat;mask-repeat:no-repeat,no-repeat,no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:0%,50%,100%;mask-position:0%,50%,100%;aspect-ratio:3\/1;height:23px;width:69px;max-width:100%;}<\/style><div class=\"kb-progress-bar-container kb-progress-bar-container96_bd6374-3e kb-progress-bar-init kb-progress-bar-type-line-mask \"><div class=\"kb-progress-bar kb-progress-bar-96_bd6374-3e\" aria-label=\"4 out of 5 Stars\" role=\"note\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><br>Automatisation<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kadence-column96_c9895d-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col,.kadence-column96_c9895d-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;}.kadence-column96_c9895d-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-column96_c9895d-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-column96_c9895d-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-column96_c9895d-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-column96_c9895d-3b{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-column96_c9895d-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-column96_c9895d-3b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-column96_c9895d-3b\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\"><style>.kb-progress-bar-container96_51a7a4-9e .kb-progress-label-wrap{justify-content:space-between;}.kb-progress-bar-container96_51a7a4-9e .kb-progress-bar-96_51a7a4-9e{-webkit-mask-image:url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg);mask-image:url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg),url(https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/kadence-blocks\/includes\/assets\/images\/masks\/star.svg);-webkit-mask-size:contain;mask-size:contain;-webkit-mask-repeat:no-repeat,no-repeat;mask-repeat:no-repeat,no-repeat;-webkit-mask-position:0%,100%;mask-position:0%,100%;aspect-ratio:2\/1;height:23px;width:46px;max-width:100%;}<\/style><div class=\"kb-progress-bar-container kb-progress-bar-container96_51a7a4-9e kb-progress-bar-init kb-progress-bar-type-line-mask \"><div class=\"kb-progress-bar kb-progress-bar-96_51a7a4-9e\" aria-label=\"4 out of 5 Stars\" role=\"note\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><br>\u00c9chelle<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>La discrimination n&#8217;est plus un choix ouvertement discut\u00e9, mais une cons\u00e9quence automatique et incontest\u00e9e. Elle est permanente dans la mesure o\u00f9 elle est invisible. <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le contenu partag\u00e9 ici est une version r\u00e9sum\u00e9e de l&#8217;article pour l&#8217;article complet : visitez l&#8217;adresse de l&#8217;article Alors que les syst\u00e8mes num\u00e9riques impr\u00e8gnent tous les aspects de notre vie, un probl\u00e8me invisible se d\u00e9veloppe discr\u00e8tement : la discrimination algorithmique fond\u00e9e sur le genre. Le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 de cet article analyse comment l&#8217;in\u00e9galit\u00e9 entre les sexes&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":97,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-96","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-non-categorise"],"taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":12,"label":"Non cat\u00e9goris\u00e9"}]},"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Algoritmik-Cinsiyet-Ayrimciligi-1024x576.webp",1024,576,true],"author_info":{"display_name":"Prof. Dr. Erkan Saka","author_link":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/author\/erkan-saka\/"},"comment_info":0,"category_info":[{"term_id":12,"name":"Non cat\u00e9goris\u00e9","slug":"non-categorise","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":12,"taxonomy":"category","description":"","parent":0,"count":3,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":12,"category_count":3,"category_description":"","cat_name":"Non cat\u00e9goris\u00e9","category_nicename":"non-categorise","category_parent":0}],"tag_info":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":200,"href":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96\/revisions\/200"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/97"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erkansaka.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}